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美伊戰事與中東衝突US-Iran War & Middle East Conflict·2026-09-15·約 4 分鐘about 4 min read

荷姆茲海峽遇襲航道停擺與油價破百,美伊軍事僵局衝擊全球能源供應鏈Strait of Hormuz Attack Halts Shipping and Pushes Oil Past $100 as US-Iran Standoff Hits Global Energy Supply Chains

荷姆茲海峽受阻導致布蘭特原油突破 105 美元,川普宣稱對和談持開放態度,中東地緣衝突正波及航運與科技基礎設施。Disruption in the Strait of Hormuz has sent Brent crude above $105 while Donald Trump signals openness to peace talks, as Middle East geopolitical conflict spills over into shipping and technology infrastructure.

前情提要Previously本刊第 6 次談Our take #6 on 美伊戰事與中東衝突
上次Last time中東雙海峽航道受阻與沙烏地輸油管遭襲 布蘭特原油突破 105 美元引發美股基金單周贖回逾 320 億美元(09/14):布蘭特原油突破每桶 105 美元,沙烏地日運 400 萬至 500 萬桶的東西輸油管遭襲關閉
這次的變化What changed外國超級油輪於荷姆茲海峽南部觸雷起火,布蘭特原油價格突破每桶 105 美元關卡
通過蘇伊士運河的貨櫃輪
圖:Photo: Aah-Yeah 授權:License: CC BY 2.0 來源:Source: Wikimedia Commons
當日相關新聞Stories today
23 則

本篇重點:The key points:

  • 外國超級油輪於荷姆茲海峽南部觸雷起火,布蘭特原油價格突破每桶 105 美元關卡A foreign supertanker struck a mine and caught fire in the southern Strait of Hormuz, driving Brent crude prices past the $105-per-barrel threshold.
  • 川普宣稱伊朗迫切尋求協議且戰事年底前結束,同時要求盟國為美軍護航支付補償Donald Trump claimed Iran is desperate for a deal and that the war will conclude before year-end, while demanding allies compensate the US for naval escort operations.
  • 沙烏地東西向輸油管線遭無人機攻擊停運,一家研究機構示警極端油價恐飆至 150 美元A Saudi East-West pipeline was suspended following a drone strike, prompting 一家研究機構 to warn that oil prices could spike to $150 per barrel in an extreme scenario.
  • 美股基金單周淨贖回達 322.7 億美元,創 2025 年 12 月中旬以來最大資金流出規模US equity funds logged weekly net redemptions of $32.27 billion, the largest capital outflow since mid-December 2025.

美伊軍事衝突進入第 7 個月,波斯灣戰火正由傳統防務擴散至航運咽喉與數位基建。油價突破每桶 105 美元推升美債殖利率,川普對外釋出和談與索取護航補償訊號,但航道實體封鎖與基建停擺尚未緩解。As the US-Iran military conflict enters its seventh month, warfare across the Persian Gulf is expanding from conventional defense theaters into critical maritime choke points and digital infrastructure. Crude oil surpassing $105 per barrel has pushed US Treasury yields higher. While Trump has floated peace talks alongside demands for allied compensation for naval escorts, physical blockades of waterways and suspended infrastructure show no immediate sign of easing.

數字上的位置Where these names stand
布蘭特原油 走勢圖122.592.6362.75109.5美元/桶05-0505-2906-2307-1608-1009-03布蘭特原油 走勢圖122.592.6362.75109.5美元/桶05-0506-1607-2709-07
布蘭特原油(美元/桶) 近 90 個交易日・05-05 → 09-09圖對應:『布蘭特原油價格隨之走高,目前已突破每桶 105 美元。』 呈現地緣衝突導致油價升破百元大關走勢讀法:這段期間 -4.4%(114.5 → 109.5)。北海布蘭特現貨價;油價同時是通膨與地緣風險的計價器。
美國 10 年期公債殖利率 走勢圖5.034.664.294.96%05-0505-2906-2407-2008-1209-04美國 10 年期公債殖利率 走勢圖5.034.664.294.96%05-0506-1607-2909-09
美國 10 年期公債殖利率(%) 近 90 個交易日・05-05 → 09-11圖對應:『美國 10 年期公債殖利率盤中一度升至 4.97%,並短暫突破 5%關卡。』 佐證油價推升通膨對長天期美債殖利率的壓力讀法:這段期間 +0.53 個百分點(4.43% → 4.96%)。全球資產的折現率基準;升代表折現率上行,對高評價成長股最敏感。
逐一來看Subject by subject

荷姆茲海峽危機與國際原油市場Strait of Hormuz Crisis and Global Crude Market

一艘外國籍超級油輪在荷姆茲海峽南部航行,該船觸雷後發生爆炸起火。伊朗伊斯蘭革命衛隊海軍隨後重申立場,荷姆茲海峽目前仍處於關閉狀態。波斯灣阿拉伯國家外長原定在阿曼會面,準備與伊朗外長阿拉奇(Abbas Araqchi)協商臨時航運通道。雙方對談判條件存在分歧,這場協商會議因此被迫延期。關鍵航道受阻推高了區域緊張情勢,國際能源市場供應焦慮加劇。布蘭特原油價格隨之走高,目前已突破每桶 105 美元。市場研究機構一家研究機構進一步示警,波斯灣整體航運封鎖情勢若無法解除,國際油價可能攀升至每桶 150 美元水準。

美國聯邦政府US Federal Administration

美國總統川普透過社群平台連續發表多條聲明,他宣稱美伊軍事衝突不會維持太久。川普預期這場伊朗戰爭會在今年年底前結束。他指出伊朗正迫切希望與美方達成協議,美方對重啟談判保持開放態度。川普強調最終是否啟動談判,完全由他個人親自定奪。美軍在荷姆茲海峽協助油輪護航並保障石油運輸,川普呼籲各相關國家應提供「護航補償」。在後續戰略布局上,川普暗示美軍在戰爭結束後可能留駐伊朗境內。他主張比照委內瑞拉模式在當地「掌控石油」,並宣稱委內瑞拉帶來的收益足以覆蓋戰爭成本。川普將全球柴油短缺與價格上漲歸因於俄烏局勢,他表示已要求烏克蘭停止襲擊俄羅斯煉油廠,並宣稱俄烏雙方已同意不打擊彼此的能源目標。

沙烏地阿拉伯輸油基礎設施Saudi Oil Transport Infrastructure

沙烏地阿拉伯關鍵的東西向輸油管線日前遭到無人機攻擊。這場突襲迫使整體管道系統進入暫停營運狀態。該條管線負責繞過荷姆茲海峽,將原油直接運送至紅海港口。輸油管線停擺帶來重大衝擊,全球約 4%的原油供應受到直接威脅。美國能源部長萊特(Chris Wright)對此提出評估。他表示遭襲擊而停運的管線設施預計可能「很快」恢復運作,這有助於緩解全球能源市場的供給壓力。葉門青年運動近期在曼德海峽沿岸奪下戰略島嶼,這項軍事行動直接威脅到沙烏地轉往紅海的替代出口路徑。多重衝突持續阻礙波斯灣能源外運的修復進度,整體戰事波及周邊航道與油管的風險依然處於高度不確定狀態。

美股基金與美國總體經濟數據US Equity Funds and Macroeconomic Data

國際油價突破百美元關卡,美債殖利率也同步走高。雙重壓力迫使全球金融市場資金顯著撤出風險資產。LSEG Lipper統計數據顯示,截至 9 日為止的一周內,美國股票基金單周淨贖回規模達 322.7 億美元。這項失血規模創下 2025 年 12 月 17 日當周淨流出 524.5 億美元以來的單周新高紀錄。美國 8 月消費者物價指數(CPI)月增 0.4%,這項數據創下 5 月以來最快增幅。該指數年增率維持在 3.4%不變。排除食品與能源的核心CPI月增 0.3%,高於市場預期的 0.2%。核心CPI年增率則來到 2.4%。通膨升溫帶動債券殖利率全線攀升,美國 2 年期公債殖利率升至 4.63%。美國 10 年期公債殖利率盤中一度升至 4.97%,並短暫突破 5%關卡。

波斯灣雲端資料中心Persian Gulf Cloud Data Centers

美以與伊朗的軍事衝突進一步擴散至高科技基礎設施領域。亞馬遜旗下Amazon Web Services(AWS)資料中心在衝突爆發初期遭到無人機攻擊,受損設施位於阿拉伯聯合大公國阿布達比與巴林。歷經超過 6 個月的時間,這些資料中心至今仍大致處於中斷狀態。設施尚未完全復原,突顯出中東建置實體AI算力設施的地緣政治脆弱性。沙烏地阿拉伯資料中心建設市場規模將顯著擴大。該市場預估從 2025 年的 4.1097 億美元,成長至 2031 年的 42.0043 億美元。該市場年複合成長率為 12.3%,負載容量預估由 461.71 MW增加至 4,811.07 MW。AWS曾承諾對該地區投資 53 億美元,甲骨文與微軟亦分別規劃投入 15 億美元或建置Azure可用區。實體設施受損的現況,已促使各方重新評估區域數位運算投資。

本刊觀點:The Journal's View: 當前地緣政治的敘事與供應鏈實體數據之間存在顯著裂縫。官方樂觀預期與前線阻斷形成強烈對比:白宮宣稱戰火將在年底前結束且油價將迅速暴跌,然而荷姆茲海峽與沙烏地輸油管線的實體封鎖,已迫使布蘭特原油實質升破每桶 105 美元。

市場在會計層面上早已反應高通膨與美債殖利率升至 4.97%的資金壓力,造成單周股票基金流出 322.7 億美元;但實體產業面尚未計入更長期的斷鏈代價,例如波斯灣資料中心受損逾半年未復原,以及葉門勢力扼守曼德海峽造成的繞行成本。本刊認為,宣稱短線和談的政治表態並未改變戰略要道遭物理切斷的事實。

只要海峽協議持續延宕,航運與原油的風險溢價便無法藉由政治言論消除,能源供給的缺口在客觀修復完成前依然存在。

A sharp disconnect has opened between current geopolitical rhetoric and physical supply chain realities.

Official optimism contrasts starkly with frontline disruptions: the White House asserts hostilities will wrap up by year-end and oil prices will plunge, yet physical blockades in the Strait of Hormuz and along Saudi pipelines have already driven Brent crude firmly above $105 per barrel.

Financial markets have priced in inflation and the capital pressures of US Treasury yields climbing to 4.97%, triggering $32.27 billion in weekly outflows from equity funds.

However, physical industries have yet to account for the longer-term costs of broken links, including Gulf data centers remaining disrupted for more than six months and the rerouting costs imposed by Yemeni control over the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

In the view of the Journal, political overtures signaling near-term peace talks do not alter the physical severance of strategic choke points.As long as a strait transit agreement remains stalled, risk premiums on shipping and crude cannot be talked away, and supply deficits will persist until objective repairs are complete.

接下來看什麼:What to watch:

  1. 波斯灣國家與伊朗外長在阿曼重啟荷姆茲海峽臨時航運協議的具體日期Specific dates for Gulf Arab states and the Iranian foreign minister to reconvene in Oman over an interim navigation framework for the Strait of Hormuz.
  2. 沙烏地阿拉伯東西向輸油管線修復完成並恢復輸送原油的官方公告Official confirmation that Saudi Arabia's East-West pipeline has completed repairs and resumed crude transit operations.
  3. 美國 10 年期公債殖利率是否正式有效站穩 5%關卡Whether the US 10-year Treasury yield sustainably breaches the 5% threshold.

圖表與數字以公開行情與營收面板另行計算,行情資料日 2026-09-15。Charts and figures are computed from public price and revenue panels; market data as of 2026-09-15.

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