AHI Journal美中 9 月 24 日峰會前夕貝森特與何立峰先啟對談，國會促守 140 億美元對台軍售與AI限制Bessent and He Lifeng Open Talks Ahead of Sept. 24 U.S.-China Summit as Congress Urges Red Lines on $14B Taiwan Arms and AI Controls
美中即將在華府舉行元首峰會，雙方經貿高層先行於紐約磋商AI模型與稀土規範，國會與產業團體則同步對行政部門施加底線壓力。With a Washington summit between heads of state imminent, senior economic officials from both nations meet first in New York to negotiate AI models and rare earths, as Congress and industry groups press the administration to hold the line.
前情提要Previously本刊第 11 次談Our take #11 on 美國政局
本篇重點：The key points:
- 美財長貝森特與中國副總理何立峰 9 月 20 日會面，重點聚焦開放與封閉權重AI模型及稀土供應Treasury Secretary Bessent and Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng to meet September 20, focusing on open vs. closed-weight AI models and rare earths
- 眾院中共特別委員會主席致函川普，要求拒絕中方反對 140 億美元對台軍售案之主張House Select Committee on the CCP chair urges Trump to reject Chinese objections to $14 billion in pending Taiwan arms sales
- 美汽車產業團體聯名反對放行中國車企赴美設廠，直指在地組裝無法消除車聯網資安威脅U.S. auto industry groups jointly oppose letting Chinese automakers build U.S. plants, warning domestic assembly does not address connected-vehicle cyber risks
- 川普宣布規劃組建AI部隊並評估產值占GDP比重 25%，同時將H-1B加徵 10 萬美元規費命令延展 1 年Trump announces plans for an 'AI Force' and cites potential output reaching 25% of GDP, while extending a $100,000 H-1B fee order by one year
美國財政部長貝森特與中國國務院副總理何立峰敲定於 9 月 20 日在紐約就AI、貿易及稀土展開面對面會談，為 9 月 24 日美中元首峰會定調；國會隨即發函要求行政部門不得將 140 億美元對台軍售案作為談判籌碼，凸顯外交經貿談判與立法部門安全戰略間的拉扯。U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng finalized plans to meet in person in New York on September 20 to address AI, trade, and rare earths, setting the baseline for the September 24 U.S.-China presidential summit. Congress promptly fired off letters demanding the administration refrain from using a pending $14 billion Taiwan arms package as a bargaining chip, underscoring friction between trade diplomacy and legislative security strategy.
美國財政部與貿易代表署U.S. Treasury and U.S. Trade Representative
美國財政部長貝森特（Scott Bessent）與貿易代表葛里爾（Jamieson Greer）預定於 9 月 20 日在紐約市會見中國國務院副總理何立峰。這場高層經貿會談安排在 9 月 24 日美中元首高峰會之前，主要討論議題涵蓋人工智慧（AI）、貿易、稀土與經濟議題。U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer are scheduled to meet Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng in New York City on September 20. The high-level economic meeting comes ahead of the September 24 head-of-state summit, with talks centered on artificial intelligence (AI), trade, rare earths, and broader economic affairs.
貝森特透過官方聲明指出，會談將針對AI的開放與封閉權重模型展開討論，目標是就設置AI護欄達成共識，以防止強大模型落入惡意非國家行為者手中，同時避免兩國技術系統走向分裂。貝森特先前於 9 月 15 日在眾議院金融服務委員會聽證會上曾表示，AI公司應為其產出成果負責。目前中國開發的開放權重模型因成本具競爭力，已獲得部分美國機構與聯邦政府網站採用。Bessent noted in a statement that the discussions will cover open- and closed-weight AI models, with the objective of building consensus around AI guardrails to keep powerful models out of the hands of malicious non-state actors while preventing a bifurcation of the two nations' tech ecosystems. In September 15 testimony before the House Financial Services Committee, Bessent stated that AI companies should be held liable for their outputs. Open-weight models developed in China have already been adopted by several U.S. institutions and federal government websites due to their cost competitiveness.
美國聯邦眾議院戰略競爭特別委員會House Select Committee on Strategic Competition
美國聯邦眾議院「美國與中國共產黨戰略競爭特別委員會」主席穆勒納爾（John Moolenaar）於 9 月 18 日致函總統川普，敦促行政部門在 9 月 24 日會晤中國國家主席習近平時堅守強硬立場，直接拒絕中方反對對台軍售與安全合作的要求。Representative John Moolenaar, chairman of the House Select Committee on Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party, sent a letter to President Donald Trump on September 18 urging the administration to hold a firm line during its September 24 meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping and reject Beijing's pushback against Taiwan arms sales and security cooperation.
穆勒納爾在信函中強調，價值 140 億美元且尚待批准的對台軍售案不應作為談判籌碼，美方亦應維持「不支持」台灣獨立的既有外交表述，拒絕中方要求改為「反對」的施壓。此外，信中亦要求行政部門對中國實體涉及提供伊朗軍事情資、半導體製造技術與AI技術流向等情事加強管制，並將中國拘留美國公民定調為人質外交，要求立即釋放相關人員。In the letter, Moolenaar stressed that $14 billion in pending Taiwan arms sales must not be used as negotiating leverage, and that the U.S. should preserve its diplomatic posture of "not supporting" Taiwan independence rather than acceding to Chinese pressure to state it "opposes" it. The letter also demanded tighter controls over Chinese entities allegedly providing military intelligence to Iran and the transfer of semiconductor manufacturing and AI technologies, while calling on the administration to treat the detention of U.S. citizens in China as hostage diplomacy and demand their prompt release.
美國汽車製造業團體U.S. Auto Manufacturing Industry Groups
代表底特律汽車製造商的美國汽車政策委員會（AAPC）與代表在美外資車廠的Auto Drives America等產業組織，於 9 月 18 日聯名致函白宮，呼籲政府在美中峰會上明確拒絕中國汽車製造商進入美國銷售、進口或生產。Industry coalitions including the American Automotive Policy Council (AAPC), representing Detroit automakers, and Auto Drives America, representing foreign automakers with U.S. operations, sent a joint letter to the White House on September 18 calling on the administration to explicitly block Chinese automakers from selling, importing, or manufacturing in the U.S. during the upcoming summit.
該信函起因於川普日前公開表示若中國車企雇用美國勞工則可接受其在美設廠。汽車業團體在信中指出，現行針對中國汽車的高額關稅確實避免了廉價車輛大舉湧入，但若允許獲得政府補貼的中國車商在美境內設廠，將削弱國內產業基礎；且在美組裝中國汽車並無法消除連網汽車所引發的資安威脅，無法達成增加本土就業與維護國家安全的目標。The letter came after Trump publicly suggested Chinese automakers could be permitted to build U.S. assembly plants if they hire American workers. Auto groups argued in the letter that while existing tariffs have kept cheap vehicles from flooding the market, allowing state-subsidized Chinese automakers to set up domestic manufacturing would erode the domestic industrial base; furthermore, assembling Chinese vehicles on U.S. soil does not eliminate the cybersecurity risks inherent in connected vehicles, failing to achieve either employment or national security goals.
白宮行政與司法爭訟White House Administration and Legal Proceedings
川普於 9 月 19 日宣布將組建「人工智慧部隊」（AI Force）並規劃指派第二任「AI沙皇」，強調AI產業未來產值可能占美國國內生產毛額（GDP）的 25%，官方將在現有司法框架下維持產業成長與防範不良行為。與此同時，白宮宣布將去年 9 月發布的行政命令延長 1 年，持續推動對H-1B非移民簽證收取 10 萬美元規費的措施，該案目前正於波士頓聯邦上訴法院審理中。Trump announced plans on September 19 to establish an "AI Force" and appoint a second "AI Czar," emphasizing that the AI industry could eventually account for 25% of U.S. gross domestic product (GDP), and that the administration would maintain sector growth and curb bad actors under the existing legal framework. Concurrently, the White House announced a one-year extension of an executive order issued last September pursuing a $100,000 fee on H-1B non-immigrant visas, a measure currently under review by the U.S. Court of Appeals in Boston.
在媒體管理與司法程序方面，川普以報導不實為由禁止CNN、Politico與MS NOW等 3 家媒體進入白宮採訪，白宮記者協會與新聞自由組織隨即發表聲明指該舉措違反憲法第一修正案。此外，聯邦第一巡迴上訴法院合議庭裁定，限制政府在未提供有效通知前將無證移民遣送至第三國；而川普要求冠名的甘迺迪表演藝術中心，則因法院禁制令與抗議活動持續處於閉館爭議。On media and legal fronts, Trump barred three news organizations—CNN, Politico, and MS NOW—from the White House press pool, citing inaccurate reporting, drawing immediate statements from the White House Correspondents' Association and press freedom advocates alleging a First Amendment violation. Separately, a panel on the First Circuit Court of Appeals restricted the administration from deporting undocumented migrants to third countries without adequate notice. Meanwhile, the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, which Trump sought to rebrand, remains shuttered amid protests and court injunctions.
其他要聞Other Developments
日美雙方規劃於 9 月 22 日在紐約舉行雙邊領袖會談，日本首相高市早苗將在川習會前與美方討論對中戰略與 7 月底涉及 164 匯價關卡之匯率合作；美方亦安排於紐約聯合國大會期間分別會晤委內瑞拉臨時總統羅德里格斯商討石油儲備，並與丹麥及格陵蘭簽署防務安全協議。Japan and the U.S. are arranging a bilateral summit in New York on September 22, where Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi is expected to discuss China strategy and currency coordination surrounding the 164-per-dollar level reached in late July. The U.S. is also scheduled to hold bilateral meetings on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly in New York with Venezuelan Interim President Delcy Rodríguez regarding petroleum reserves, and sign a defense and security agreement with Denmark and Greenland.
本刊觀點：The Journal's View: 華府在美中元首會晤前的議程鋪排，正呈現「經貿對話尋求護欄」與「國會產業設下紅線」的明顯斷層。本刊認為，行政部門試圖將AI模型分類與稀土供應鏈納入談判架構以換取雙邊穩定，但國內政治基礎並未隨之鬆動。今天變了的是美中財金首長正式啟動實質議題磋商，沒變的是立法部門與本地產業對核心利益的防守立場。
數據與共識的裂縫在於：白宮評估AI產值未來可能占美國GDP達 25%，並宣示以組建專屬部隊維持領先；然而國會強硬派明確點名中國實體涉入中東情報衝突，要求切斷先進半導體與AI技術外流，同時汽車公會亦抵制以就業為條件的車企在地化。
市場已部分預期美中藉由峰會緩和關稅摩擦，但 140 億美元對台軍售與技術出口管制等實質節點若未獲妥協，雙邊會談所達成的任何框架協議，在落實層面仍將面臨法規與國會審查的直接阻力。
Washington's agenda-setting ahead of the head-of-state meeting reveals a clear fault line between the administration's economic dialogue seeking guardrails and Congress and industry drawing red lines.
The Journal believes the administration is attempting to bring AI model classifications and rare-earth supply chains into the negotiating framework to secure bilateral stability, but the domestic political base has not softened.What changed today is that financial and economic principals from both nations formally commenced substantive negotiations.
What remained unchanged is the resolve of the legislative branch and domestic industry to defend core interests.The disconnect between data and consensus lies here: the White House estimates AI output could eventually account for 25% of U.S.
GDP and advocates establishing a dedicated force to preserve leadership; yet congressional hardliners, citing Chinese entities' involvement in Middle East intelligence conflicts, demand a cutoff of advanced semiconductors and AI technology leakage, while auto trade groups resist localized Chinese manufacturing pitched on domestic job creation.
Markets have partially priced in an easing of tariff friction from the summit, but without compromises on tangible bottlenecks—such as the $14 billion Taiwan arms package and technology export controls—any framework agreed to in bilateral talks will face direct headwinds during regulatory and congressional review.
接下來看什麼：What to watch:
- 美中經貿會談成果：9 月 20 日貝森特與何立峰會後若未發表涵蓋AI與稀土之具體共識文件，代表雙方監管分歧仍深；若有正式聲明，則確立峰會基本框架U.S.-China economic talks outcome: If the September 20 Bessent-He meeting yields no joint document on AI and rare earths, regulatory divisions remain entrenched; a formal statement would set the summit's baseline framework.
- 對台軍售審查程序：9 月 24 日美中峰會後若國務院依既有排程向國會正式遞交 140 億美元對台軍售通知，代表國會底線未被退讓；若延宕送審，意味談判籌碼說法成立Taiwan arms sales notification: If the State Department submits the $14 billion arms package notification to Congress on schedule following the September 24 summit, congressional red lines held; delays would indicate it was used as bargaining leverage.
- H-1B訴訟裁判進度：波士頓聯邦上訴法院若於 10 月底前推翻地方法院禁止收取 10 萬美元規費之裁定，科技雇主聘僱成本將顯著提升；反之則維持現狀H-1B litigation ruling: If the U.S. Court of Appeals in Boston overturns a district court injunction against the $100,000 fee by late October, hiring costs for tech employers will rise sharply; otherwise, the status quo holds.
圖表與數字以公開行情與營收面板另行計算，行情資料日 2026-09-18。Charts and figures are computed from public price and revenue panels; market data as of 2026-09-18.
